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| Pierre Robin sequence ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Pierre Robin syndrome
Pierre Robin syndrome (abbreviated to PRS, and also known as Pierre Robin malformation, Pierre Robin anomaly or Pierre Robin anomalad), is a congenital condition of facial abnormalities in humans. PRS is a sequence, i.e. a chain of certain developmental malformations, one entailing the next. The 3 main features are cleft palate, retrognathia (abnormal positioning of the jaw or maxilla) and glossoptosis (airway obstruction caused by backwards displacement of the tongue base). A genetic cause to PRS was recently identified. Pierre Robin sequence may be caused by genetic anomalies at chromosomes 2, 11,〔 or 17.〔
==Signs and symptoms==
PRS is characterized by an unusually small mandible (micrognathia), posterior displacement or retraction of the tongue (glossoptosis), and upper airway obstruction. Incomplete closure of the roof of the mouth (cleft palate) is present in the majority of patients, and is commonly U-shaped.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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